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The Church

Woodlawn Cumberland Presbyterian Church in 1968. The building is the original structure from its construction in 1869.

Background

Rev. Thomas Benton Wood served at a small church named Woodlawn Cumberland Presbyterian Church after Wood in commemoration for his service to the community. The land was situated in northeast Steens, Mississippi from the years 1869-2005. The community continued service after Wood’s death with a number of temporary pastors and celebrated their centennial in 1969. Tragically, the church was demolished in 2005 due to irreparable infrastructure damage. Rev. Wood was born January 24, 1836. He was educated at Richland Presbytery in Tennessee for a decade of his life before transferring to Mississippi in 1869. Wood is buried in Caledonia, Lowndes County, Mississippi. Wood was married to Sarah Hart Lyon (1846-1925) and the son to Clementine Brown Wood (1809-1894)

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In his sermon journals, Rev. Wood demonstrated a care for the small community in Steens. He preached a message of love and fear all at once. Love for God and family, fear of immorality and Death. From these notes, it is evident that Rev. Wood did not conform to the changing belief in heaven during the time. Rather, he reinforced a traditional understanding of the afterlife, one where the only company in heaven was God -- no earthly bonds were to be present upon Salvation. Below are a collection of his notes that convey his compassionate nature and show that he felt himself to be moral compass of the community.

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Rev. Wood’s sermon journals indicate that he was focused on the idea that the existence of grief indicated the constant presence of God in one’s life. He emphasized the importance in understanding that God was omnipresent and would continue to harbor Christians’ souls within life, death, and the afterlife. In order to help alleviate the grief of his congregants, Wood preached this message of intimacy with God in regard to the three major aspects of a soul’s existence: life, death, and eternity. Wood demonstrated a compassion for parishioners without conforming to new cultural trends in perception of heaven, which would allow departed souls to reconnect in heaven instead of severing relationships to focus on worshipping God for all eternity. Instead, Wood spoke of a message that allowed the bereaved a glimpse into the compassion and ever-loving embrace of God throughout their lives. More importantly, Wood wished for his congregants to see the light of his teachings as purer compared to the contemporary understanding of heaven. He believed this philosophy to be more divine as it followed, according to him, a traditional route to understanding God as a benevolent entity. Specifically, Wood understood that by pouring one’s entire faith into God and by following God’s laws, human souls would exist in heaven with God in his most pure essence, which was taught to be more favorable than reconnection with departed loved ones in heaven.  

Wood’s sermons emphasized the importance of belief in God alone and the salvation he could provide. His dedication to the continued effort of teaching this form of Presbyterian theology was admirable for the time because it was common for religious sects (both Catholic, Protestant, and Jewish alike) to adapt their teachings about the afterlife in order alleviate emotional trauma experienced by grieving families after the Civil War. His stalwart dedication to previous doctrinal teachings emphasized his character as a man loyal and confident to his faith. On the other hand, it can paint the image of man stubborn and set in the ways of his teachings as a means of deflecting his own personal and spiritual turmoil, especially when noting the sermon journal these teachings are drawn from are his last thoughts on death and his soul’s immortality after he was departed from this realm.

Sermon Journal

Originals

Transcriptions

Sermon p25_edited.jpeg

The soul may be lost through daring infidelity. He that believes not. How appalling the closing scene of unbelievers.

The soul may be lost by undue attachment to sinful pleasures. Rebelling. Intemperance. Lust.

It may [be] lost by inordinate love of the world. This opposed spirituality. Thorns in the flesh.

It may be lost through pharisaic pride and self righteousness. Except your righteousness.

The soul may be lost through careless apathy. How shall we escape if we neglect.

The loss of the soul is a total one. Loss of time and eternity. Loss of bliss here and hereafter.

This loss is irreparable. Through he gain the whole world and which is not possible.

This loss is eternal! Woes wide empire only enlarged to all eternity.

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In this excerpt Rev. Wood emphasized  the importance of salvation by describing the tragedy of losing a soul to sinfulness.

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"The Lord is good, a strong hold in the day of trouble, and he knoweth them that trust in him." - Nahum 1:7

This prophecy mostly relates to the destruction of Nineveh.

The truth of the text has been verified in every age of the world.

God is a refuge and defense for his people. Earthly things are not so.

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PART FIRST

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He is a strong hold because of his Omnipotence.

A strong hold because of his Omniscience.

A strong hold because of his Omnipresence.

A strong hold because of his preservation.

A strong hold because of his compassion.

A strong hold because of his truthfulness.

Rev. Wood told his congregants that God could be an anchor, a moral compass in their lives.

Sermon  p32_edited.jpeg

The repenting trembling sinners does not have to build his own ark of safety, it is already furnished [for] him.

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PART THIRD

God graciously invites sinners now to come into the great ark of salvation. Come now let us see.

He mercifully warns them by the historical memories of the past.

He now invites by his Gospel. Also by his ministers. His Spirit.

How gladly would the antediluvians have accepted the call when they saw their doom. So would sinners.

But no Gospel calls in hell. No prayer is heard or crime forgiven when the fatal destiny is fixed.

The sinner can shut himself....

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Rev. Wood reiterates the forgiveness of God for those who feel as if condemned to hell for past mistakes.

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"But now he is dead; wherefore should I fast?" - 2 Sam 19:23

Narrate the circumstances.

Death is a fixed fact; the unalterable decree of God.

It is the result of violated law. When man sinned he became mortal.

Death is a suspension of law with regard to existence.

It puts a period to earthly association and fixes our destiny.

It is an evil, an enemy, and renders all our pursuits and prospects uncertain.

It is an evil because it tears assunder the most sacred relationships of life.

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Death is portrayed as an entity that ravages communities for punishment against the original sinners. Rev. Wood's attempt to strike fear into the hearts of congregants that life on earth is fleeting.

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Children dear I am gone to rest, God took me home, He thought it best; Live for heaven and you shall see Brothers, sister, mother and me.

Rev. Wood bid a final farewell to his congregation, wishing for them to apply his teachings to their lives in order to attain a place in heaven.

Rev. Wood bid a final farewell to his congregation, wishing for them to apply his teachings to their lives in order to attain a place in heaven.

Conclusion

Rev. Thomas Benton Wood preached a message of love and compassion in the face of an overwhelming sense of dread during the late 19th century. Through his teachings he hoped to help the bereaved by supplying a traditional message of hope and peace. From the post-Civil War era a new form of grieving appeared, one where it was okay to believe in the existence of family or friends’ spirits within heaven in the company of God. Many religious-minded Americans flocked to this new ideology because the philosophy provided a glimmer of hope for future reconnection with the loved ones that departed the world too soon. Although possibly startling to religious leaders at the time, the practice was not understood as blasphemy, but a slightly unorthodox belief when compared to traditional, well-established models of grief counseling. Such leaders like Wood stuck to their strict education and did not allow the spread of this contemporary belief but taught of a heaven where the love of God, the one entity that created, guided, loved, and inspired the person was all that was necessary in death. To him, God was the epitome of love and to avoid that concept was to deny God of the love Wood believed he rightfully deserved.  

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